Computer evolution. Von Neumann architecture.
IAS computer architecture. CPU registers.
Moore's law. Main computer components.

Computer interconnects. Buses (system bus, PCI bus).

Computer memory hierarchy (pyramid).
Cache memory (principles, hits, misses, formula).
Technologies (DRAM vs. SRAM, what is ECC).
OS memory management (virtual memory, pages).

External memory. Magnetic disks and optical discs
(structure and characteristics). RAID basics.

I/O modules. Interrupts. DMA.

Frequencies and access times of all computer components:
CPU frequency and cycle time, RAM access time, bus frequencies,
HD (seek time, rotational latency, access time), CD access time.